Iterambere rya tekinoroji yo gusiga irangi

Iterambere rya tekinoroji yo gusiga irangi

Mu myaka yashize, uburyo bushya bwo gusiga amarangi bwo gusiga irangi bwateye imbere byihuse.Ibikorwa byo gusiga amarangi muri iki gihe birimo: gusiga irangi irangi irangi hamwe no gusiga irangi rigufi, gusiga irangi ryirangi ryigihe gito, irangi ryubushyuhe buke hamwe no gusiga amarangi akonje, hamwe no gusiga irangi ridafite aho ribogamiye, irangi rike ryumunyu muke hamwe n irangi ridafite umunyu, koresha "gusimbuza umunyu" irangi ryirangi ryumunyu muke, irangi rike-alkali kandi irangi ridafite aho ribogamiye.

1.Irangi risize irangi irangi hamwe no gusiga amarangi magufi.Irangi rya padi ni bumwe muburyo bwingenzi bwo gusiga amarangi.Ariko, nyuma yigitambara cyinjijwe hamwe nigisubizo cyirangi rya padi, gukama hagati birasabwa kugirango byoroherezwe nyuma, cyangwa kongera umuvuduko wo gutunganya mugihe cyo guteka no gutunganya.Kandi ugabanye irangi rya hydrolysis, kandi ubone igipimo kinini cyo gukosorwa no kwihuta kwamabara.Kuma hagati bizana ibibazo byinshi: gukoresha ingufu, ingufu nyinshi zubushyuhe zikoreshwa mugihe zumye imyenda itose kugirango amazi abeho;amarangi akunda kwimuka mugihe cyumye, bikavamo itandukaniro ryamabara no kugabanya kwihuta kwamabara, kandi irangi ryimyororokere nayo irakennye;Kuma nyuma yo gushiramo igisubizo cyo gusiga irangi ntabwo byongera uburyo bwo gutunganya gusa kandi ntibyoroshye kubicunga, ariko kandi mugihe umwenda wumye uhumeka, amarangi hamwe nimiti bigomba gukuramo amazi kugirango byongere gushonga.Umwenda wumye uzasohora ubushyuhe iyo winjije ubuhehere, bikavamo ubushyuhe bwinshi, bubangamira gusiga no gutunganya.Kubwibyo, guhumeka nintego ndende abantu bakurikirana.Biragoye cyane guhinduranya imyenda irangi.Ubwa mbere, igitambaro gitose gihinduka neza.Kubera ko ubuhehere bukurura ubushyuhe kandi bugashiramo umwuka, igipimo cyo gushyushya imyenda kiratinda, bikongerera igihe cyo kugumya no kugena igihe;icya kabiri, umwenda urimo ubuhehere bwinshi (mubisanzwe igipimo cyamazi nyuma yo gukata ni 60% kugeza 70%), mugihe cyo guhumeka no gushyushya, amarangi yangiza kumyenda azakorerwa hydrolysis nyinshi, bigabanya gukosorwa igipimo n'amabara yihuta.Ubushyuhe buri ku mwenda bufite leta nyinshi, zishobora kugabanywamo ibice bibiri: fibre yakuyemo amazi namazi yubusa kumyenda.Amazi afitanye isano na chimique akurura amazi (cyane cyane ahujwe na fibre molekile ya fibre binyuze mumigozi ya hydrogène) nayo yitwa amazi adakonje (aho ikonje iri munsi ya 0 ° C).Iki gice cyamazi ntabwo ari kinini, kandi amahirwe yo kwitwara hamwe namabara nayo ni make, kuko ntashobora kugenda mubuntu.Igice kinini cyamazi yakiriwe ni mumyenge ya fibre.Ibibyimba bya fibre biroroshye cyane.Iki gice cyamazi nticyoroshye gutembera mubwisanzure, nuko nanone cyitwa amazi aboshye.Igipimo cyacyo hamwe namabara nayo ni make.Nubwo igice cyamazi yubusa hanze ya fibre kiri muri capillary inter-fibre kandi nticyoroshye gutemba kubera ingaruka ya capillary, inyinshi murizo zishobora gutembera mubuntu.Amazi muri ibi bihugu byombi hanze ya fibre biroroshye kubyitwaramo irangi.Iyo irangi ari ryinshi, birasabwa ko irangi ridakorerwa hydrolysis nyinshi, kandi reaction yihuse ibaho nyuma yo kugera kubushyuhe bwo hejuru bihagije.Kubera iyo mpamvu, umukozi wa alkali ukwiye gukoreshwa ugomba kuba ufite intege nke, cyangwa alkaline ntigomba gukomera mugihe ubuhehere buri mu mwenda mwinshi (harimo alkali ivanze ya soda yo guteka cyangwa ivu rya soda hamwe na alkali nkeya), niba alkali nkeya cyangwa kutagira aho bibogamiye birakorwa Ingaruka zizaba nziza.Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko gukoresha ibikoresho bitagira aho bibogamiye kugirango ukosore ibara bigira ingaruka nziza kuri 120 ～ 130 ℃ cyangwa 180 ℃.

2.Ibikorwa bigufi byo gusiga amarangi bigabanya irangi bigabanya uburyo bwo gusiga irangi, bigateza imbere umusaruro, bizigama ingufu, bizigama amazi, kandi bigabanya imyanda.Irangi rigufi ryo gusiga amarangi ni inzira ngufi yo gusiga irangi.Uburyo bwo gusiga amarangi mugufi yo gusiga amarangi nabwo bwibandwaho mubushakashatsi mumyaka yashize, kunoza ibikoresho, kugabanya igihe cyo gusiga, kandi cyane cyane, kugenzura neza uburyo bwo gusiga irangi, hamwe no kugenzura mudasobwa byikora bishobora kugabanya irangi, gutunganya no gukaraba. igihe.Mu myaka yashize, amasosiyete menshi akora amarangi yateje imbere uburyo bwo gusiga irangi ryihuse kugirango bamenyekanishe ibicuruzwa byabo.Intandaro yuburyo bwihuse bwo gusiga irangi ni uguhitamo amarangi mu buryo bushyize mu gaciro ukurikije imiterere yabyo, no kugabanya igihe cyose cyo gusiga irangi hashingiwe ku kwemeza neza no kororoka.Fata ibipimo bigenzurwa no gukomeza kwiyongera, bishobora kugabanya igihe.Uzigame cyane amarangi, alkalis n'umunyu, kandi ugabanye imyanda.Inzira zimwe nazo zihita zigenzura gukaraba nyuma yo gusiga kugirango irusheho kubika amazi no kugabanya imyanda.Bamwe mubakora amarangi cyangwa ibikoresho nabo bakoze software zitandukanye zagenewe kugenzurwa.

Turi abatanga amarangi.Niba ushimishijwe nibicuruzwa byacu, nyamuneka twandikire.